From previous years, in the peak period of electricity consumption in the summer of July and August, the phenomenon of “electricity shortage” will follow in some areas. However, I did not expect that this year's power shortage was ahead of schedule. According to the National Energy Administration, China's electricity consumption in the first quarter totaled 1091.1 billion kWh, a year-on-year increase of 12.7%. After entering April, the electricity load in many areas has increased significantly. The National Development and Reform Commission issued a notice to warn that the electricity supply and demand situation in most regions is tight this year. It is expected that the gap between supply and demand in eastern China, northern China, and southern China during the peak summer season will be around 30 million kilowatts, which is equivalent to the total installed capacity of provinces with electricity in Fujian Province or Anhui Province. At the same time, electricity consumption will reach 4.61 trillion to 4.69 trillion kwh, which is an increase of 10% to 12% over the previous year.

Recently, Luo Baihui, secretary-general of the International Mould, Hardware and Plastics Industry Suppliers Association, said in an interview with a reporter from China Enterprise News that since April of this year, there have been power shortages that have swept across much of the country in the traditional off-season. At present, Guangdong provinces all have targeted reserves for peak summer electricity use. Zhejiang has seen the worst electricity shortage since 2004, and the province's power gap is about 2 to 3 million kilowatts. In Hunan, the current demand for electricity is maintained at around 14 million kilowatts, while the overall adjustment load is only 10 million kilowatts, and the gap is close to one-third.

Electricity shortage Domino

Summer is the peak time for construction of workers and peasants and other industries. It is also a traditional peak season for oil use in China. As the growth rate of China's power installations cannot meet the needs of the society, in 2003, 2004 and 2005, Zhejiang experienced consecutive years in the midsummer. "electricity shortage." Many companies in Yiwu even face the dilemma of opening four stops per week. The electricity shortage has triggered new demand for diesel fuel. In order to meet the deadline for delivery, these enterprises have purchased large amounts of diesel and used their own generators to power Sinopec. In the north, even from the northeast, oil is transported to Zhejiang.

Data from the Xinhua News Agency confirms this claim. In March of this year, Sinopec’s diesel stocks plunged 12% month-on-month, and gasoline fell 1.4%. At the end of February, domestic refined oil inventories increased by 3.94 million tons from the beginning of the year, of which diesel increased by 3.7 million tons.

In desperation, Sinopec began to increase the inventory of diesel fuel and required its sales companies to independently purchase refined oil from Shandong refining, which will reward 400 yuan/ton per ton. At the same time, in order to encourage the enthusiasm of its refinery production, from April 1 Starting from the day, the oil refinery over-planned to produce refined oil, and received an excess of 800 yuan/ton in subsidies.

According to the “Development and Transformation [2011] No. 132” spirit of the National Development and Reform Commission, it is estimated that the main organizations such as Sinopec will further increase the procurement of diesel fuel to geo-refining companies, and even do not rule out the use of the latter's capacity for surrogate processing operations.

During the oil shortage in 2007, Sinopec and CNPC, under the coordination of the National Development and Reform Commission, commissioned refineries to produce finished oil in a mode of providing crude oil and purchasing refined oil to ensure the supply of domestic refined oil. Since then, this "substitute processing" model has been repeatedly used in the oil shortage, but once the oil shortages have eased, the substitution process will stop.

Straighten out the price mechanism

In fact, after 2006, regardless of the oil shortage or power shortage, the root cause lies in the unreasonable pricing mechanism. This is the consensus of the industry, and has also been approved by the National Development and Reform Commission and other central government departments.

"The cause of this power shortage is different from that before 2005. During the 11th Five-Year Plan period, China's electric machine assembly capacity has been greatly improved, but the current operating rate of thermal power units is not high," May 6 national electricity. Yu Yanshan, deputy director of the Supervisory Office of the Supervisory Committee, admitted frankly.

A report of the China Electricity Regulatory Commission stated that during the “11th Five-Year Plan” period, China’s newly installed capacity exceeded 430 million kilowatts, and its total installed capacity reached 960 million kilowatts, ranking second in the world; and the total length of transmission lines with 220 kilovolt and above transmission lines reached 430,000 kilometers. The substation capacity was 1.96 billion kVA, which was 1.7 times and 2.4 times the end of the "Tenth Five-year Plan," and the grid scale ranked first in the world.

However, coal is the market price, but electricity is the planned price. When coal prices continue to rise, the power plants can't take these costs out. Finally, coal prices erode the profits of power plants. In the long run, the enthusiasm of power generation companies is naturally affected.

According to Yu Yanshan’s introduction, according to the “coal power and electricity linkage” policy introduced by the central government before this: When the coal price rises, 70% of the cost will go out of the way of the price adjustment, and 30% will be borne by the power generation company. However, due to inflationary pressures and other reasons, the increase in on-grid tariffs of power generation companies over the years has been far less than the increase in coal prices.

This year coincides with the fact that the precipitation in the southern regions, especially in the southwestern provinces, is relatively low. The original planned transmission to eastern, central, and southern China also had to reduce the amount of transportation. With this, central China, East China, and even southern China began to supply electricity.

In order to resolve the pressure on power supply, Yu Yanshan said that it is necessary to quickly rationalize the mechanism of electricity price formation.

“Upgrading electricity prices is one of the solutions to the problem,” he said. “But for the sake of curbing inflation, we can also reduce the cost of generating electricity by controlling coal prices and reducing the charges during coal transit. This can also be realized in the short term. Relieve power supply pressure."

At the same time, some energy-consuming large households, especially some unreasonable electricity demand, are controlled; and cross-provincial and cross-regional electricity exchanges are used to play the role of the regional electricity market and regional grid companies.

"In the future, the Electricity Regulatory Commission will do a good job in monitoring, early warning, and safe production to avoid unplanned power outages due to human factors. At the same time, we will step up efforts to promote the construction of the electricity market. The direction of marketization is not wrong." Yu Yanshan Say.

From this point of view, many experts in the energy sector agree.

In the face of electricity shortages, the labor-intensive industries such as electromechanical and chemical industries have expressed their frustration and confusion, and the difficulty in using electricity has also become a “squeezing spell” for electromechanical chemical companies in recent years. Because of the increase in labor costs, the degree of mechanization of enterprises is getting higher and higher, and the demand for electricity will not increase. If the government adopts the policy of “power cuts,” it will seriously affect the production schedule. Faced with the contradictions brought about by the power shortage, Luo Baihui believes that electromechanical chemical companies should make appropriate arrangements as soon as possible.

Do not take orders

Entrepreneurs who have been scared by the “electricity shortage”, especially the mechanical and electrical foreign trade companies, are afraid to accept orders. "Without the guarantee of electricity, today's orders will be future compensation claims. We cannot afford this risk." One motor owner who attended the Canton Fair said: "Originally, we can make more orders."

As we all know, with the rising prices of raw materials, labor, and other production costs, the profitability of electromechanical companies lacking in bargaining power is being continuously reduced; while the anti-dumping measures taken by foreign companies in China have made the export-oriented enterprises living environment worse and worse... ...

Such phenomena, the contradiction of power shortage, electromechanical and chemical companies do not dare to order is also forced to make decisions.

Purchase power generation equipment

If due to a power outage, failure to make normal production, late delivery, or failure to deliver customer orders will result in loss of customer credit, and the business in hand can only be lost to competitors.

In order to reduce losses, many companies choose to save themselves and purchase power generation equipment to generate electricity on their own. Mr. Zhu, a business owner of Yongkang, recently rushed to China Science and Technology Hardware City to purchase a diesel generator set. Mr. Zhu said that since the beginning of last year, the international economy has gradually recovered and the volume of orders from enterprises has increased significantly. At the Canton Fair that was just past, he received orders that accounted for 50% of total sales last year. However, due to the “electricity shortage”, how to deliver on time has become A difficult problem.

It is understood that electromechanical chemical companies use relatively large amounts of electricity. General enterprises must purchase at least 1000 kilowatts of diesel generator sets. This particular demand has resulted in serious shortage of diesel engines.

Corporate mutual adjustment

According to Luo Baihui, in all industrial districts in Guangdong, the power sector will not be able to cut off all power restrictions. The power supply department will conduct detailed studies on various circuits and coordinate the use of electricity for sub-modules of different sizes. As far as possible on the basis of existing electricity companies to achieve rational application. Luo Baihui said that mutual adjustment among enterprises is indeed a coup to ease the difficulties in using electricity. As long as the specified indicators are not exceeded, it will not affect the safe operation of the power grid.

The government encourages the transformation and upgrading of enterprises

“In order to incentivize the transformation and upgrading of enterprises, we carry out monthly energy consumption statistics and re-rating of star ratings. The more stars we have, the more policy support we will enjoy.” Tong Xiquan, deputy mayor of Zhouxiang Town, Cixi, said that through dynamic star management The township enterprises independently launched a protracted war on energy saving and consumption reduction. The electric power sector took the initiative to act as a "military division," and came to the diagnosis of various companies, proposed optimization of power supply recommendations, and finally achieved results.

Many companies have not only truly achieved energy conservation and consumption reduction, but have also taken a major step in the transformation and upgrading process, and have also maintained the continuous stability of the production line, thus ensuring a steady increase in corporate profits. “Since last year, our company has not been limited to one day of electricity. Even during the extraordinary period of peak summer, the production line has never been interrupted. This is because we have always maintained a 'five-star' level of low energy consumption.” A machine tool company is responsible for People say so.

In view of the ever-increasing power situation, Zhejiang Province is taking various measures from the government to the enterprises and actively responding. Dalifu Silk Dyeing and Finishing Co., Ltd. is just one of the miniatures.

According to Du Zhanfu, deputy general manager of Da Lifu, silk dyeing and finishing is a high-energy-consuming industry. They started the transformation and upgrading of enterprises and eliminated high-energy-consuming equipment last year. In Tongzi County where the company is located, it has become a consensus and choice for some companies to voluntarily scrap high-energy-consuming equipment and use energy-saving equipment and embark on a brand-new development path.

In Zhejiang Zhanneng Changxing Power Generation Co., Ltd., after the Spring Festival, the power plant has been operating at a high load. The above month, for example, originally used off-season electricity, but due to the increase in demand for power grids, the amount of electricity generated here has reached a record high, reaching 840 million kWh. “We now have four units running at full capacity. At this time of the same period last year, the load rate was only 73%.” said Chen Gang, director of power generation at Zhejiang Zhe Nengxing Power Generation Co., Ltd.

Zu Weiguo, head of the fuel department at Zhejiang Zengneng Changxing Power Generation Co., Ltd., said that they are stepping up their capacity and increasing their coal inventories. “Excavating the greatest potential, speeding up the connection and unloading of waterways, and properly connecting with the outside world, especially the support from the group companies to our railway transportation capacity, so as to maintain a slow rise in inventory.” Throughout Changxing County, the orderly use has begun. Electricity.

Many villages and towns in Wenling City have also tried to establish a comprehensive enterprise data platform to assess the power consumption level of enterprises through the relevant data of the platform and to maximize the benefits of limited power.

In Langheng Town, the local government and power supply departments have developed different categories for more than 500 enterprises with annual electricity consumption of more than 50,000 kWh based on factors such as increase in output value of enterprises, reduced energy consumption, increase in tax and profits, and size. Electricity levels; According to these levels, during the orderly use of electricity, the government and the power supply department will carry out different levels of power protection for the company's daily production.

“The enterprises with high production value and good returns have relatively sufficient power consumption protection; and some industries with high energy consumption, such as papermaking, electroplating, heat treatment, etc., are subject to appropriate restrictions,” said Liang Guojun, director of the Statistics Center of Yuheng Town.

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