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What are the main features of explosives and their explosions?
It is generally believed that under the action of external energy, a substance that produces a rapid chemical reaction and generates a large amount of gas in an instant and emits a large amount of energy is called an explosive. The essence of the explosion of explosives is a substance in a solid state. After a short period of intense reaction, it suddenly becomes a gaseous state, releasing high energy.
The characteristics of the explosion are:
First, the rapid response of the general explosive explosion rate of 3000 ~ 8500m / s, such as 1kg of ammonium nitrate explosives, can complete the entire process of the reaction within three hundred thousand seconds.
Second, the exothermicity of the reaction The heat generated by the explosion of commonly used explosives is about 1680 ~ 6300kJ / kg, the temperature can reach 2800 ~ 4500 ° C. Such as 1kg of ammonium nitrate explosive, 4200kJ of heat can be released during the explosion, the explosion temperature reaches 2000 ~ 3000 °C.
Third, the generation of gas explosives changes from solid to gas in an instant. The volume of these gases is equivalent to several hundred times the volume before the explosion of explosives. For example, after the explosion of 1kg of ammonium nitrate explosive, the gas is suddenly generated, which is 850-950 times larger than the original volume. This sudden rise in pressure is about 100,000 atmospheres.