Copper- sulfur flotation separation is an important technical problem in the flotation treatment of copper sulfide. Most of the production practices use the process of inhibiting iron sulfide minerals and flotation of copper minerals, including copper-sulfur mixed flotation sulfur-suppressing copper float, priority floating Copper reactivation process for sulfur selection. The mine contains 1.14% copper, sulfur content 8.01%, and contains water-soluble copper and a large number of easy-floating gangues. The minerals are diverse and the embedding is complicated. Copper-sulfur mixed flotation process can be used to obtain copper concentrate with copper grade 24.30% and recovery rate of 84.4l%, which provides technical support for the development and utilization of this resource.

First, the nature of the ore

(1) Analysis of main chemical components and phase analysis

The main chemical composition analysis results of the ore are shown in Table 1, and the copper phase analysis results are shown in Table 2.

Table 1 Analysis results of main chemical components of ore

Table 2 Results of phase analysis of copper in ore

(2) Mineral composition

The main metallic ore minerals include pyrite, marcasite, chalcopyrite, tetrahedrite, sphalerite, galena, bismuthinite, Hui lead bismuth, bismuth telluride, and magnetite. Gangue minerals are quartz, white mica, chlorite, calcite, dolomite and fluorite.

(3) Embedding characteristics of main metal minerals in ore

1. Chalcopyrite

Chalcopyrite is the highest content of copper minerals in this ore. The relative content of minerals is about 3.10%. The size of the chalcopyrite inlaid in the ore is extremely uneven. The majority of the chalcopyrite has a grain size of 0.020-0.5 mm and a maximum particle size of 2 mm. The coarse-grained chalcopyrite is often embedded with fine-grained gangue minerals and pyrite and sphalerite. Fine-grained chalcopyrite is often closely associated with gangue minerals. The inlaid boundary is very complicated, and the ore is brass. The main characteristics of the mine are as follows: (1) The size of the chalcopyrite inlay is extremely uneven, and it is often embedded in the gangue minerals irregularly. It is difficult to disperse the fine-grained chalcopyrite. . (2) Chalcopyrite is irregularly embedded in gangue minerals. Chalcopyrite with slightly coarser grain size is often wrapped with fine-grained gangue minerals and pyrite, sphalerite, and between chalcopyrite and these minerals. Monomer dissociation requires fine grinding. (3) Chalcopyrite and beryllium ore are often closely symbiotic, and the composition of sulfide aggregates is relatively coarse. In addition, chalcopyrite and stibnite are also closely symbiotic, and the sulfides they form are generally embedded in grain size. Thicker. (4) In addition to the fine-grained pyrite and sphalerite which can be wrapped in coarse-grained chalcopyrite, there are also a small amount of chalcopyrite along the pyrite, pyrite cracks, peripheral embedding or inclusions. The form is embedded in sphalerite, and the grit content of chalcopyrite is generally fine, and it is difficult to dissociate sufficiently from each other. (5) The chalcopyrite is irregularly embedded in the gangue minerals. The individual chalcopyrites have fine grain size and the symbiotic relationship with the gangue minerals is very complicated. Even if the fine grinding is fully dissociated, it is more difficult. In general, the ore size of the chalcopyrite in the ore is not uniform, and the chalcopyrite and gangue minerals are most closely related, followed by the symbiotic co- existence with pyrite minerals such as pyrite and iron ore.

2, copper ore

The content of bismuth copper ore in the ore is not high, only 0.41%. Beryllium copper is often co-existing with chalcopyrite, or embedded in chalcopyrite or chalcopyrite together to form a coarse-grained sulfide aggregate or embedded in chalcopyrite and pyrite in the form of fine-grained inclusions. . The beryllium copper ore generally has a particle size of 0.015-0.015 mm and a maximum particle size of 0.3 mm.

3. Sphalerite

The size of the sphalerite in the ore is between 0.020 and 0.15 mm, and the maximum particle size is 0.2 mm. The coarse-grain sphalerite is often coated with fine-grained chalcopyrite.

4. Pyrite, iron ore

Pyrite and pyrite are the most important pyrite minerals in the ore. The two are often closely symbiotic, and the relative content of minerals is about l3.04%. The size of the inlaid cloth of pyrite in the ore is not uniform. The size of the inlaid cloth of pyrite is generally coarse, and it is often embedded in the gangue minerals irregularly. The degree of self-formation of the pyrite is poor, and the size of the inlaid cloth is relatively small. fine. These two minerals are also closely related to other sulfides.

Second, mineral processing technology research

(1) Choice of the plan

The formulation of the flotation scheme mainly depends on the ore properties of the sample, including the intercalation relationship between the target minerals, the structural structure, the particle size distribution characteristics, the quality of the mineral floatability, and the weight of the floating minerals. According to the characteristics of the ore, the research of mixed flotation, preferential flotation, partial preferential flotation and other programs was carried out, and the mixed flotation process was decided.

(2) Flotation test

In the program exploration test, it is found that the addition of lime promotes the flotation of copper sulfide minerals and has a certain inhibitory effect on iron sulfide minerals, but at the same time, the gangue also rises a lot, which adversely affects subsequent flotation operations. . Therefore, the flotation condition test was selected under natural pH conditions.

The hybrid flotation scheme was used to carry out the drug exploration test, and the subsequent copper-sulfur separation operation was easy to carry out. BJ404 with strong collection ability and easy to realize copper-sulfur separation was selected as the collector .

1, collector dosage test

In the grinding fineness of a 74μm accounted for 65%, the crude selection of collector BJ404 dosage test, the test flow is shown in Figure 1, the test results are shown in Figure 2. From the test results, the recovery rate of copper and sulfur increased with the increase of the amount of collector. The amount of collector BJ404 can be 36g.

2. Grinding fineness test

Under the condition that the amount of collector is 36 and the amount of pine oil is l8, the rough grinding precision test is carried out. The test results are shown in Fig. 3. The results show that with the increase of grinding fineness, the copper recovery rate of coarse concentrate increases, which indicates that some copper and sulfur minerals have finer grain size. Considering the grinding cost and other factors, the grinding fineness is -74μm, which accounts for 65%.

3, regrind test

The copper-sulfur crude concentrate is selected by blank selection to obtain copper-sulfur mixed concentrate, and the mixed concentrate is separated to finally obtain copper concentrate and sulfur concentrate. Under the condition of lime dosage of 1000g/t (pHl2), the separation test of copper-sulfur mixed concentrate is carried out. The test procedure is shown in Figure 4, and the test results are shown in Figure 5. The results show that the re-grinding of copper-sulfur mixed concentrate is beneficial to improve the separation effect of copper and sulfur. Considering comprehensively, the regrind fineness is -43μm, which accounts for 71%.

4, flotation open circuit test

On the basis of the flotation condition test, a flotation open circuit test was carried out. The test procedure is shown in Figure 6, and the test results are shown in Table 3.

5, flotation closed circuit test

On the basis of the flotation open circuit test, the flotation closed circuit test was carried out, and the amount of the coarse selection collector and the foaming agent was reduced due to the slurry circulation. The dosage and test procedure are shown in Figure 7. The test results are shown in Table 4.

Table 3 Open circuit test results

Table 4 Closed circuit test results

Third, the conclusion

(1) The ore contains 1.14% copper, sulfur content 8.01%, and contains water-soluble copper and a large number of easily floating gangues. The minerals are diverse and the embedding is complicated.

(2) Using copper-sulfur mixed flotation process, copper concentrate with copper grade 24.30% and recovery rate 84.41% can be obtained.

(3) Providing technical support for the development and utilization of this resource.

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