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Copper scum treatment
As mentioned earlier, the production of goods is accompanied by the production of a large amount of return material. They are basically processed according to the process of processing the raw materials. Closed-circuit processes are not always economically sound and often result in poor technical and economic indicators for the underlying processes. From the point of view of the comprehensive utilization of raw materials, in some cases, it is more correct to send the semi-finished products separately for processing.
Are examples of low copper content (0.2% to 3.5%) and a high tin antimony-containing copper dross treatment alone containing these conclusions with electric method. This process is used in the Ukrainian zinc plant.
The copper scum treatment is completed according to the process flow (Fig. 1). The basic processes involved in this process are stock preparation and electric furnace smelting. In the preparation stage, the scum is ground and some of the fine particles are granulated on the drum screen. The resulting material particle size of 20 to 200 mm, containing 61.5 ~ 66% lead, 5.2 to 8.5% copper, 1.0 to 1.2% zinc, 1.0 to 3.9% antimony, 2.8 to 4.0% tin, 4.5 to 6.0% sulfur.
The charge was smelted using a three-electrode electric furnace of rectangular cross section (Fig. 2). The bottom of the furnace is 10 m2 and is lined with chrome spinel bricks. The roof and walls lined with magnesium chrome brick. The steel shell of the furnace is water tank type.
The following products were obtained in the electric furnace for smelting scum: crude lead, matte-slag slag melt, soot.
Figure 1 Process flow chart of electrothermal treatment of copper scum
The melt of the crude lead and the matte-slag is discharged to the side portion of the furnace through the discharge port after precipitation (20 to 40 minutes). The melt of the matte-slag is sent to process for copper production, and the crude lead is refined to obtain lead containing bismuth.
The flue gas enters the dust collection system. The coarse soot settles in the cooling chamber. Fine dust removal with a bag filter. The soot is the return product and is returned as a backup charge.
The indicators for melting copper scum in electric furnace are as follows:
Smelting product yield (%)
Thick lead 65~72
Bronze melt 25~35
Soot 4~6
Recovery rate in crude lead (%)
Lead 94～96
锑 89～92
Tin 66～69
Copper 12-15
Recovery rate in matte (%)
Copper 85~88
Lead 3~5
锑 8~10
Tin 30～33
Temperature (°C)
Production lead 800~820
Production of Bronze Copper 1150～1175
Bag type before dust collection 90~100
Pressure under the top of the furnace (Pa) 30~50
Electrode consumption (kg / ton of raw materials) 21 ~ 22
Unit melting amount (ton / meter 2 · day and night) 8 ~ 10
Figure 2 Electric furnace for treating copper scum (unit is mm)
By analyzing the technical and economic indicators of smelting low copper scum in electric furnace, it can be concluded that it is reasonable to treat low copper scum separately.