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In general, large diamonds are native minerals. Open mining is used during the period. The main tools for open pit mining are forklifts, grab trucks, trucks and explosives. Since Kimberlite pipe foot "obconical" Lu large surface exposed to start mining gold were Li Yan outer tube excavation, from outside to inside through layers of terraces (the average slope of the 30. a 40. Between the spirals, the depth of mining is gradually increased. It can be imagined that the deeper the depth of open-air mining, the steeper the terrace, the more unstable it is. This requires the construction of new spiral terraces from the surface to the surrounding area, and the cost of mining (mainly re-excavation of waste ore) will also increase greatly. The depth of excavation in open pit mining depends on the cost of mining.
If the cost of mining is greater than the value of the diamond being mined or similar, and the kimberlite rock still contains diamonds that can be mined, then underground mining should be considered. South Africa's prime minister mine is open-pit mining to a depth of 180 meters into underground mining; Finsch mine open pit mining depth of 430 meters. The Argyle mine in Australia is planning to switch to underground mining methods when it is open-pit mining to a depth of 300 meters. The largest depth record for open pit excavation is the Kimberley mine in South Africa. When it was closed in 1914, its excavation depth reached 1200 m! Underground mining of underground mined diamonds was carried out by arranging a series of shafts and horizontal rafts (horizontal tunnels). . The kidney well transports workers, mining equipment and mining vehicles mainly through elevators, and also serves as a passage for ventilation and drainage in the underground. The mining of Kimberley ore is mainly carried out by excavating the entire kimberlite tube under the well.
The surface of the diamond does not absorb water, but it is easy to get oil. Diamonds can fluoresce under X-rays. The next two steps in diamond sorting are the use of these two unique properties of diamonds. Depending on the lipophilicity of the diamond, a layer of grease is applied to the surface of the conveyor or the workbench of the concentrator. When the concentrate after the heavy liquid separation passes through the workbench, the diamond will be stuck by the grease, while garnet and titanium Other heavy minerals such as iron ore flow away with the flowing water.
Open pit mining of diamond mines
The surface of the diamond does not absorb water, but it is easy to get oil. Diamonds can fluoresce under X-rays. The next two steps in diamond sorting are the use of these two unique properties of diamonds. The lipophilic diamonds, coated on the conveyor belt or table surface layer of mineral oil plant, when the concentrate was subjected to re-separation stage by the diamond will be stuck grease, and garnet, titanium other heavy minerals such as iron ore is with the water flow away.