Ministry of Agriculture responds to agricultural restructuring

Ladies and gentlemen, friends from the press, good morning, everyone, welcome to the press conference organized by the Press Office of the Ministry of Agriculture. The transfer mode and structure adjustment are the main lines of agricultural and rural economic work, and everyone is very concerned. In order to give everyone a comprehensive and systematic understanding of the adjustment of agricultural structure, we are very pleased to invite Vice Minister Yu Xinrong of the Ministry of Agriculture, Director Zeng Yande of the Plantation Department, Director Ma Youxiang of the Animal Husbandry Department, and Director Zhao Xingwu of the Fisheries and Fishery Bureau. Introduce the situation and answer your questions. First of all, please ask Vice Minister Yu Xinrong to brief you on the situation.

[Deputy Secretary of the Party Group of the Ministry of Agriculture, Yu Xinrong]

Ladies and gentlemen, friends in the press, good morning everyone. The Party Central Committee and the State Council have attached great importance to the adjustment of agricultural structure. The central leadership has made important instructions and arrangements on promoting structural reforms in the supply side of agriculture. General Secretary Xi Jinping inspected Xiaogang Village in Anhui Province and held a symposium to deepen rural reform. At the meeting, he emphasized that it is necessary to put agriculture at the top of the list and pay attention to modern agriculture, peasant income and the construction of a new socialist countryside. The Ministry of Agriculture conscientiously implements the concept of innovation, coordination, green, openness, and shared development, and regards the promotion of agricultural supply-side structural reform as an important part of current rural work, and has carried out a solid transformation of agricultural transformation, structural adjustment, and sustainable Work, it should now be said that better progress has been achieved, and a good start for rural work and agricultural development this year has been achieved. Today, I will use this press conference to introduce some aspects of the adjustment of agricultural structure.

[余欣荣]

The overall idea of ​​agricultural restructuring is based on the current, long-term perspective, market demand-oriented, deepening rural reform as a new driving force, green development, improving quality and efficiency, and exploring mechanisms, adjusting and optimizing agricultural structure, and promoting institutional mechanisms. Innovation, in particular, should do a good job in coordinating food production, ensuring stable production capacity, ensuring supply, ensuring income, and ensuring ecological work, and continuously improving the quality and competitiveness of agricultural development. In this regard, it is especially important to promote the adjustment of crop production, animal husbandry, and fishery structure, and promote the transformation and upgrading of agriculture. Specifically, there are several key points:

[余欣荣]

First, to promote the adjustment of planting structure with corn as the focus. We all know that the adjustment of corn structure, especially the peasant brothers pay more attention, the market players are also actively involved in the field of corn structure adjustment, showing some new trends. Why do we say that corn will be the focus of agricultural restructuring this year? There are mainly several considerations: First, China's grain output has achieved “twelve consecutive increases”, and the relationship between supply and demand has improved, and the food security situation is one of the good times. At the same time, we must also see that the structural contradictions of agriculture are beginning to appear. This contradiction is mainly reflected in the phased and structural oversupply and insufficient supply. In the past, supply shortage was the main contradiction, and it was necessary to solve the problem of eating more than 1.3 billion people. It is now a structural oversupply and insufficient supply. From the perspective of planting industry, the supply and demand of wheat and rice rations are basically balanced, and the staged supply of corn has exceeded demand; the supply and demand gap of soybeans has gradually expanded, with more than 80 million tons of imports last year. At the same time, cotton, oilseeds and sugar materials were affected by resources and the impact of the international market, and imports increased. This is the current basic situation. Therefore, I especially mentioned that the supply and demand of wheat and rice rations are basically balanced, and there are mainly more corn in the stock.

[余欣荣]

Second, the constraints of resource and environment are getting bigger and bigger, and the requirements for upgrading the consumption structure are getting higher and higher. The people still have new needs after eating and eating well, and they should eat healthy. Meeting these needs is a task that needs to be done seriously. Third, the degree of industrial integration is getting deeper and deeper, and the linkage between domestic and foreign markets is getting tighter. Under this new situation, it is not enough to follow the past ideas. It is necessary to put the adjustment and optimization of the planting structure and the structural reform of the agricultural supply side on the agenda so that modern agriculture can be more stable, sustainable and better on the basis of the original. Development.

[余欣荣]

In order to implement the decision-making arrangements of the Party Central Committee and the State Council, the Ministry of Agriculture has specially formulated the National Crop Production Adjustment Plan (2016-2020), which has designed the overall crop variety structure and regional layout during the 13th Five-Year Plan period. The purpose is to guide all localities to make scientific adjustments according to the layout of functional areas in accordance with scientific, ecological and sustainable requirements. The overall consideration is to ensure the level of self-sufficiency in the protection of grain, grain, stable cotton, edible vegetable oil and sugar, while ensuring a balanced supply of vegetables.

[余欣荣]

Comrades are more concerned about the corn problem just mentioned. We have adjusted the structure of the corn as the focus of the adjustment of the crop industry structure. This adjustment area is the “sickle bend” area. In the second half of last year, the Ministry of Agriculture formulated and issued the Guiding Opinions on the Adjustment of Corn Structure in the Scythe Bend Area. Now all localities are actively doing this year's adjustment and optimization work in accordance with the Opinions. In the "Opinions", we propose that the overall corn adjustment strategy is to maintain production capacity, proper adjustment, and industrialization. To ensure production capacity, it is to consolidate and upgrade the advantageous production areas, strengthen infrastructure construction, and ensure corn production capacity. Appropriate adjustment is to appropriately reduce the area of ​​corn in non-advantageous areas, especially in the “sickle bend” area. Subtraction and addition are used together to encourage farmers to replant corn that has been withdrawn from the market and other crops with better benefits. Some ecologically fragile areas, high-strength corn planting, although it can exchange some corn production, but the ecological cost is too large, does not meet the requirements of the green development proposed by the central government, so we must actively adjust in this regard. For suitable areas, areas with good economic, social and ecological benefits, we must strengthen production capacity and promote the healthy development of the corn industry by increasing yields. Industrialization, corn is a high-energy crop with a long industrial chain. Its follow-up processing industry chain is very long. Therefore, we must propose to promote the transformation of corn with the concept of industry, to achieve higher income for farmers and better development of local economy. .

[余欣荣]

At the same time, corn is the basic source of feed for the aquaculture industry. By using it to develop animal husbandry and develop the processing industry, this can be compared to the image of “granary” into “granary” “meat” “milk” “sugar can” Through the serialization and deepening of development, the “fuel tank” has been transformed into a good industry for farmers to increase their income and develop local economy. Comrades will ask, how is it called "fuel tank"? Because corn is a good raw material for biofuels, and we have already distributed some places in the past few years, it has a good processing and transformation capacity. Therefore, to improve the comprehensive benefits of corn is also an important part of this corn structure adjustment.

[余欣荣]

In the work deployment, we coordinated the reduction of corn with the trials of grain and bean rotation and grain reform and the reform of the corn storage system. The focus is on reducing the “sickle bend” areas in the northeast cold area and the northern farming and pastoral area. Non-dominant production areas actively guide farmers to replant soybeans, potato miscellaneous grains, silage corn, forage and so on. Around this goal, I would also like to take this opportunity to inform about the relevant work and measures taken in the agricultural sector. The first is to strengthen organizational promotion. The Ministry of Agriculture has held several meetings for deployment. It has sent a number of working groups to the northeast, Huanghuaihai and other areas with heavy structural adjustment tasks for supervision and inspection, and guided grassroots cadres and masses to do structural adjustment work. Because structural adjustment is a highly policy-oriented work, especially for farmers' production and farmers' interests, it is necessary to do a good job in propaganda, technical guidance and other supporting work. Adjustments can achieve a win-win goal. The second is to strengthen guidance services. Before and after spring ploughing production, especially in the northeastern region, it has entered a critical period of spring sowing. The Ministry of Agriculture organized expert guidance components to carry out guidance services in these areas, and developed a series of technical solutions suitable for structural adjustment of various regions. These technical solutions are all green. The technology model of increasing production and optimizing efficiency enables farmers to understand faster and apply them effectively. The third is to strengthen policy support. Because the corn structure adjustment work involves farmers, circulators and other interests, in order to safeguard the interests of farmers in the corn adjustment area, the Ministry of Agriculture and the Ministry of Finance have integrated 3.25 billion yuan to support the adjustment of corn structure, with a focus on subsidizing the development of grain reform. Feeding and grain bean rotation. This year, the number of pilot counties for grain reforming has increased from 30 to 100. At the same time, the Ministry of Development and Reform Commission and the Ministry of Finance have been working together to further improve the corn purchasing and storage policy and actively promote the “market-based acquisition” and “subsidy” reform. The current start is good. First, it is expected that the corn planting area will be reduced by more than 20 million mu this year. Second, the area of ​​soybeans has increased, and it is expected to increase by more than 6 million mu this year. Third, the varieties with more market demand have also increased. Fourth, rice, wheat and other rations remained stable.

[余欣荣]

Second, focusing on hog and herbivore animal husbandry to promote the structural adjustment of animal husbandry is relatively weak, the development mode is relatively backward, and the ecological environment constraints are tightening, which is a prominent problem facing the current development of animal husbandry. Promoting the structural adjustment of animal husbandry, optimizing the layout of live pigs and developing grassland animal husbandry are the key points. The overall consideration is to stabilize pigs, promote cattle and sheep, improve the matching of resources and environment, and promote the transformation and upgrading of livestock industry and green development. We have been deploying this work since last year. Pork is the main meat variety consumed by urban and rural residents in China. In order to maintain the stable development of pig production, the Ministry of Agriculture has focused on three things. First, optimize and adjust the regional layout. In November 2015, the Ministry of Agriculture issued the “Promoting the promotion of pigs in the southern water network area. Guidance on the optimization of breeding layout. The second is to speed up the development of standardized scale farming, to stabilize pig production, a very important measure is to promote standardized production, and gradually solve the small-scale, easy-to-contamination model of thousands of households raising pigs. The third is to promote the comprehensive utilization of waste and harmless treatment, focusing on the pig breeding county, and launching the animal husbandry green development demonstration county to create activities to develop ecological recycling. At the same time, strengthen the harmless treatment of sick and dead pigs and strengthen the supervision of pig slaughter.

[余欣荣]

With the upgrading of the consumption structure, the supply of beef and mutton is relatively insufficient, and everyone is also very concerned. The Ministry of Agriculture vigorously promotes the development of herbivorous animal husbandry to ensure market supply. First, do a good job of planning, and the National Development and Reform Commission and the Ministry of Finance, issued the "National Beef and Mutton Development Plan", is now being implemented. The second is to support scale farming. In particular, it is vigorously promoting the large-scale breeding of cattle and sheep, and developing forage materials such as silage corn and alfalfa according to local conditions, focusing on solving the problem of weak breeding base and backward feeding methods. The third is to strengthen the construction of herbivorous livestock and poultry seed industry. Increase investment in science and technology and capital, speed up the process of local variety improvement, improve the breeding system for cattle and sheep, and increase the number of basic cow expansion to curb the decline in the number of cows. In particular, the Ministry of Agriculture attaches great importance to promoting and supporting the implementation of the revitalization of the dairy industry, accelerating the modernization of the dairy industry, striving to improve the quality, quality and safety of domestic dairy products and meeting the needs of the domestic people.

[余欣荣]

III. Promoting the adjustment of fishery structure with the focus on protecting resources and reducing income and income. The overall idea is to improve quality and efficiency, reduce income and increase income, green development, and rich fishermen, to achieve “three transformations” and change farming methods and management methods. And management methods to better optimize resource utilization and improve the sustainability of resource utilization. There are several specific tasks: First, the transformation of aquaculture methods. Vigorously promote the standardized farming of aquatic products. The second is to strengthen the protection of fishery resources. In this regard, the Ministry of Agriculture will further increase its efforts to continue to organize and implement offshore fishing in the offshore fishery and the ban on fishing in the Yangtze and Pearl Rivers, and will intensify efforts to promote the proliferation and release of aquatic living resources and the construction of marine pastures. Protect endangered aquatic animals such as Chinese sturgeon and finless porpoise. The third is to reduce fishing capacity. Four special “clean homes” clean-up operations were organized nationwide and achieved good results.

[余欣荣]

In the next step, the Ministry of Agriculture will also promote the improvement of the fishery oil price subsidy policy and other transfer mode policies to support the development of fisheries, strengthen the fishery resources and water environment protection, and continue to vigorously clean up and rectify the “no-family net” and “fishing without ship”, especially Carry out the requirements of General Secretary Xi Jinping on the ecological sustainable development of the Yangtze River Basin Economic Belt and continuously improve the environment of aquatic living resources in the Yangtze River Basin. I think that through the adjustment of the agricultural structure, the five major development concepts of the central government can be better reflected, which can not only ensure the food security of the country, but also continuously improve the ecological environment, leaving a blue sky, a green water and a piece of cultivated land. To make due contributions to the continuous development and progress of the Chinese nation. I will first inform you about the relevant topics of today's press conference and some of the issues that comrades are concerned about. I am willing to answer your questions.

[叶贞琴]

Minister Xie Yu’s introduction, please ask the reporter questions. When you ask questions, please introduce the news organization you represent.

[Zhongxin News Agency reporter]

The reform of the corn storage system has been announced for a month. It is currently in the critical period of the spring broadcast in the north. We found in the interview that the farmers wanted to reduce the corn, but did not know what should be replanted. I wonder how the Ministry of Agriculture adjusted the planting structure.

[余欣荣]

Your question is very timely, reflecting the voice of the peasants and what we are doing. According to the central arrangement, this year, the corn storage and storage system was reformed, and the past temporary storage policy was changed to a new mechanism of “market-based acquisition” and “subsidy”. In the past, in order to protect the interests of farmers, especially those who grow corn, the bottom-up acquisition was completed by the state. This time it was a market-based acquisition, but at the same time it provided necessary subsidies to protect the interests of corn producers. There are two key points in this specific policy. One is that the price of corn fully reflects the market formation mechanism, and producers sell corn on the market. Various market entities entered the market independently. As I said earlier, this agricultural restructuring is not only the concern of farmers, but now many market players and some enterprises doing food business are also actively acting. This is reflected in this.

[余欣荣]

Another key point is to establish a subsidy system for corn producers to maintain the stable income of farmers growing corn in the dominant producing areas. Therefore, after the announcement of this system, local governments and grassroots cadres in the main corn producing areas have increased their propaganda efforts and worked with the peasants to understand and understand the significance of this policy. In particular, the agricultural departments at all levels, around the central reform measures, in the process of this policy adjustment, in the process of changes in the corn market, it is necessary to protect the enthusiasm of farmers to grow food and grow corn, but also to guide non- The dominant area was replanted into other crop varieties, such as grain and bean crops. In the past, corn was planted and corn was planted every year, which affected fertility and affected corn production. Now it is replanted and soybeans are rotated.

[余欣荣]

The agricultural sector has mainly done such several tasks: First, to do a good job in planning and guidance, we timely issued the "National Plantation Structure Adjustment Plan (2016-2020)", and proposed adjustments to the variety structure and regional layout. The second is to strengthen demonstration and guidance, mobilize agricultural technicians, grassroots cadres, as well as some large planters, planting experts, carry out planting structure adjustment, and provide good services in terms of technical materials. This year's new varieties are also one of the timely and good years available. The third is to strengthen publicity and guidance. The Ministry of Agriculture held a press conference in early April to introduce the situation of corn adjustment to the society in a timely manner, and sent a number of working groups to the main grain producing areas to work with grassroots cadres to give policy announcements and guidance to farmers. Related technology, providing services. The Peasant Daily also opened up a column to promote good experiences and good practices in the adjustment of corn structure. What I also want to mention in particular is that in the process of policy adjustment, many news media actively interpret it, providing a good basis for grassroots farmers, especially large planters, to understand policies in a timely manner, calculate planting accounts, and plan for this year’s planting plan. s help.

[Farmers Daily reporter]

Minister Yu, the Ministry of Agriculture just announced the restructuring plan for the crop industry last week. What are the main characteristics of this round of adjustment, and what kind of goals should be achieved?

[余欣荣]

The planting structure adjustment plan has just been announced, and the plan adheres to the five development concepts put forward by the central government. Specifically, there are several characteristics: First, highlight green. It is proposed to grasp the economic, social and ecological benefits and achieve the unity of the three benefits. The second is to coordinate and promote. In the aspects of crop structure, variety structure, regional layout, industrial integration, etc., a series of innovative ideas, innovative measures and innovative methods have been proposed. The third is to focus on the key forces. According to the national planting structure plan to guide the structural adjustment of the crop industry, highlight the diversity of biological and climatic conditions, follow the laws of agriculture itself, not only hold the bottom line of food security, but also notice those non-predominant areas and guide them to develop more suitable areas. Development of industries and varieties. For some major grain-producing areas, special support policies are adopted, such as strengthening the construction of high-standard farmland and consolidating and increasing grain production capacity.

[余欣荣]

The fourth is to lay a good "combination boxing." Do a good job of addition, establish a big food concept, face the entire land and resources, and develop food resources in multiple ways. Do a good job of subtraction, based on resource conditions and market demand, reduce production in non-predominant areas, reduce groundwater funnel areas, heavy metal pollution areas, and areas with serious ecological degradation, and reduce environmental pressure. Do a good job of multiplication, make full use of light, temperature, water, gas, soil and biological resources, change the single planting mode, establish a reasonable rotation system, improve soil, enhance soil fertility, and coordinate economic, social and ecological benefits to achieve agricultural resources. Sustainable use.

[余欣荣]

We will implement the planting structure adjustment plan and strive to achieve the goal of “two guarantees, three stability, and two coordination”. To do "two guarantees", that is, to protect food and grain. It is not possible to adjust the structure to affect the safety of cereals, especially rations, and to ensure that cereals are basically self-sufficient and safe for rations. Second, we must highlight the "three stability" and stabilize the level of cotton, edible vegetable oil and sugar self-sufficiency. This is the daily supply that our people need. Third, do a good job of "two coordination." Coordination of vegetable production and demand, coordination of forage production and animal husbandry. Further implement the "food basket" mayor responsibility system and food security governor responsibility system.

[Xinhua News Agency]

There have been some positive changes in corn structure adjustment, but there are also some problems. For example, some farmers will worry about the marketability of alternative crop products in the market. How about the benefits of continuing to grow corn? If these problems cannot be solved, they may affect the enthusiasm of these large planting households. What measures and considerations does the Ministry of Agriculture have on this issue?

[Director of the Plantation Management Department of the Ministry of Agriculture, Zeng Yande]

This is also a key issue that we are currently focusing on. Minister Yu said just now that a prominent feature of agricultural production this year is the positive change in structural adjustment. The performance in the corn structure adjustment has a good start, which is a good momentum and also enhances our confidence. Of course, the momentum is good, and there is no problem. Judging from the situation reflected by grassroots cadres and peasant masses, there are still some issues worthy of attention in the current corn structure adjustment. Expressed as "three worries":

[Zeng Yande]

First, it is difficult to protect the planting benefits. As we all know, what kind of farmers can see what kind of price, calculate efficiency, what is good, and how much money they make. In the first two years, the corn price was good, the farmers expanded the corn, and the main producing areas in the northeast were surveyed. In general, the corn yield was 200 yuan higher than the soybean. Farmers are worried that after the soybeans are replanted, the benefits will not catch up with corn. This is a real problem. It depends on policy guidance and subsidies for farmers who grow beans. Second, there is concern that the market for alternative crop products is difficult to sell. We cut corn, mainly by replanting crops such as soybeans, miscellaneous grains, silage corn and forage. Soybeans are market-based acquisitions, and the market for miscellaneous grains and miscellaneous beans is also relatively large. Silage corn and forage must be cultivated and combined. If these products are more, sales may be difficult and prices may go down. This depends on market guidance and a good connection between production and sales. The third is to worry about the enthusiasm of the new agricultural business entities. In recent years, new business entities such as large-scale farmers, family farms, and farmer cooperatives have become the main force in food production. After the reform of the corn storage system, income expectations will decline and enthusiasm will be affected. For these problems, we will pay close attention to and actively respond with relevant departments to protect the enthusiasm of farmers.

[Zeng Yande]

In addition to some of the work that Minister Yu has just mentioned, the next step is to focus on three things. First, strengthen publicity and guidance. At the peak of the spring sowing in the north, we propose to take a variety of forms to interpret the key content of the reform of the corn storage system, so that farmers understand the connotation and requirements of the policy, and carefully calculate and arrange the structure. Recently, the cadres and agricultural technicians of the agricultural departments at all levels have organized investigations into the “100 households” and entered the village to announce policies. The second is to promote the implementation of policies. In conjunction with the finance and other departments, we will promptly implement the subsidy policies such as grain and bean crop rotation and grain-to-feeding as soon as possible, and implement them in the field. We will conscientiously implement the soybean target price policy, scientifically collect prices, and reasonably measure and protect the enthusiasm of farmers to grow beans. The third is to promote the convergence of production and sales. Through the holding of trade fairs and expositions, we will introduce specialty agricultural products such as miscellaneous grains and beans and expand market consumption. At the same time, actively promote "Internet modern agriculture", develop e-commerce, expand the market, let products sell, and farmers' incomes increase steadily.

[People's Network reporter]

Last year, the No. 1 Document of the Central Government clearly proposed to carry out the grain-to-feeding pilot. According to our understanding, last year, the Ministry of Agriculture and the Ministry of Finance have already carried out pilot projects in some provinces and cities. What is the effect now? How to advance in the future?

[Ma Youxiang, Director of Animal Husbandry Department, Ministry of Agriculture]

Thank you for your question, and I am very happy to answer your question and take this opportunity to introduce some situations. As we all know, the importance of forage for livestock farming is like the importance of three meals a day to people. Good animals only eat good grass and use good ingredients to produce good milk and produce good meat. Forage is the basis of animal husbandry, and insufficient supply of forage is one of the important bottlenecks restricting the development of grassland animal husbandry in China. Last year, the Ministry of Agriculture and the Ministry of Finance selected 30 counties in 10 provinces and districts such as Heilongjiang and Inner Mongolia to carry out grain-feeding pilots, focusing on whole-plant silage corn and promoting grass-animal support. Practice has proved that the grain-to-feeding pilot has achieved a good effect of breeding and win-win, which is not only an important way to adjust the structure of the crop industry, but also a key measure for improving the quality and efficiency of the herbivore animal husbandry, which has been widely welcomed by farmers. Briefly report the four sets of data: Last year, the grain-to-feed plan was planted with 1.5 million mu, and the actual implementation of 2.86 million mu, and the storage of forage materials was 9.95 million tons, nearly double the expected target. What does this mean? Explain that farmers are motivated to feed on food, and this policy is supportive. Second, the average yield of silage corn in the pilot area is 3.5 tons per mu. The average purchase price per ton is 410 yuan, and the income per mu is 1435 yuan, which is 335 yuan more than that of planted real corn. This shows that farmers have increased their income and obtained Affordable. Third, cow-scale farms have fully popularized whole-plant silage corn. The average yield of adult cows has reached 8 tons, and the production of one ton of milk has saved 300 yuan. The quality indicators such as milk protein have also been significantly improved. The beef feed for the whole plant silage feeds a savings of 1000 yuan per trip, indicating that the breeding efficiency has improved.

[马有祥]

According to the 2016 Central Document No. 1 and the spirit of the “Thirteenth Five-Year Plan”, the central government will increase its support this year to expand the grain-to-feeding pilot program to the entire “Shovel Bend” area and the Huanghuaihai Maize Main Production Area, Pilot County. Increase from 30 to 100. How to advance this year? We mainly guide the local work in four aspects, which are summarized as "two reasonable determinations and two continuous enhancements". Two reasonable determinations are as follows: First, reasonably determine the area of ​​grain for feeding, insist on raising the species, raising the species, raising the species, reasonably determining the planting scale, ensuring that the produced feed is produced, used, and profitable. . The second is to rationally determine the varieties of grain-to-feed, adhere to local conditions, rationally replant, and scientifically select planting varieties. It is suitable for growing silage corn and planting silage corn. It is suitable for planting alfalfa. The two continued to strengthen. First, continue to strengthen the industrialization of forage production, adhere to the direction of large-scale planting, mechanized operations, standardized production, accelerate the construction of modern forage production system, and fill the short board of grassland animal husbandry development. . Second, we will continue to strengthen the management of support funds, that is, we must manage and use the support funds. We insist on the task to the province, the funds to the province, the responsibility to the province, and give the local full autonomy. At the same time, establish a sound supervision and evaluation system to ensure that the support funds are used well and that they should effectively exert their due effects.

[People’s Daily reporter]

I have a question to ask Minister Yu. Just now you also talked about the focus of reducing corn. Rice is changed to beans, grain is fed, and potatoes are also a substitute. This issue is also very concerned. The Ministry of Agriculture is promoting the development of the potato industry. What new initiatives are there?

[余欣荣]

Now our country has entered a period of hard work to build a well-off society in an all-round way. This is reflected in all aspects. One of the most important things is the upgrading of food consumption, not only eating, eating well, but also eating health. Potatoes are recognized as the main foodstuffs in the world, but for many reasons, we have not really realized this in the past. In the past two years, through various aspects of propaganda, this cognition has become more and more accepted by the society. The development of the potato industry has achieved encouraging results. The potato staple food products have entered the market and entered thousands of households. [2016-05-05 12:17:35]

[余欣荣]

I am here to report a number, light in Beijing, more than 600 supermarkets every day selling potato taro, noodles and other staple food products. Farmers who grow potatoes can also feel the price of these two years is good. Nowadays, more and more consumers realize that potato is a healthy food, and it has entered the stage of comprehensive utilization of staple food and non-staple food from the stage of staying in the non-staple food. The central government is also increasing its support, and governments at all levels have also made it the focus of structural adjustment. In this regard, the agricultural sector will further take advantage of the situation, health guides consumption, and consumption guides production. The first is to accelerate technological innovation. Further screening a batch of new varieties with high yield, high resistance, comprehensive traits, suitable for staple food processing, and formulating recipes and techniques for potato steamed bread, noodles and different regional specialty products. The second is to promote industrial development. Continue to grasp the potato staple food development pilot, reduce the cost of potato planting, staple food processing, improve product quality, and meet the needs of consumers. The third is to strengthen publicity and guidance. Make full use of the media such as television, radio and internet, vigorously carry out popular science propaganda, guide healthy consumption, and create a staple food culture in a well-off society.

[CCTV reporter]

We noticed in the interview that this year's corn has been greatly reduced. The original plan is to reduce 10 million mu. This year is expected to exceed this area, and the import of corn and its substitutes is increasing, so some people are worried. Will corn become the "second soybean"? Thank you.

[Zeng Yande]

At present, there is a period of oversupply in corn, which is caused by many factors. The basic two are: First, the domestic supply increases. We have calculated that in the past 12 years, the area of ​​corn has increased by 210 million mu, exceeding the increase in grain area during the same period. At the same time, the output increased by 217.5 billion jin, accounting for 57% of the increase in grain during the same period. Second, imports of corn and alternatives increased. As we all know, due to the impact of domestic and international spreads, the import of corn and alternatives has gradually increased in recent years. Last year, it imported more than 4.7 million tons of corn, an increase of 82% year-on-year. At the same time, sorghum, barley and other alternative varieties imported more. Last year, imports of sorghum 10.7 million tons and barley 10.73 million tons, an increase of 85% and 98% respectively. In addition, some cassava and corn distiller's grains were imported, and the increase in corn production and foreign imports increased “double-face”, resulting in more stocks.

[Zeng Yande]

Going back to your question, will corn become the "second soybean"? This depends on two aspects. In the short term, corn is not less, but more. It should be actively reduced to reduce the inventory pressure. In the long run, corn, as an energy feed and processing raw material, is a variety with a large increase in demand and should be developed steadily. We believe that corn will not become the "second soybean", mainly based on the following points: First, corn as an important grain variety is to be guaranteed. The central government clearly put forward the strategy of building a national food security under the new situation, and also clearly put forward the strategic bottom line of “ensure the basic self-sufficiency of grain and the safety of rations”. This indicates that wheat, rice and other rations are mandatory, and corn as an important grain variety and energy feed must also maintain a stable level of self-sufficiency, which is strategically determined. Despite the current oversupply of corn, it needs to be appropriately reduced. However, we say that if there is a sharp decline in corn production, once the national food security is compromised, there will be many policy measures to maintain stable development of corn production.

[Zeng Yande]

Second, the current reduction is a non-preferred zone with limited impact. Minister Yu said just now that our adjustment in this round is to consolidate the advantageous production areas, and appropriately reduce the northeast cold area, the northern farming-pastoral area, the northwest arid area and the southwest rock desertification area. In the non-dominant areas of the Bend area, the impact of this area reduction on food security is limited. Third, there are trade control measures that can play a role. According to the WTO commitments, we have no quota restrictions on soybean imports, and we have implemented a single tariff management with an import tariff of 3%. The quota management of corn is implemented. The total quota is 7.2 million tons, the tariff within the quota is 1%, and the additional tariff is 65%. In recent years, the actual annual import volume of China's corn is within the quota, mainly due to the increase in imports of alternative products. In addition, we should see that the world soybean trade volume is 117 million tons, which is higher than China's soybean consumption, and the import supply is sufficient; while the world corn trade volume is only about 120 million tons, accounting for only about 60% of China's corn consumption. . We often say that if the price of oil rises above a certain level, a considerable part of the corn will be converted into fuel ethanol, and the supply of corn will decrease. Therefore, a large amount of imports is unrealistic. We must also see that the state has carried out large-scale construction of high-standard farmland during the “Thirteenth Five-Year Plan” period, and proposed to ensure the completion of 800 million mu, and strive to build a high-standard farmland with 100 million mu of concentrated contiguous, drought and flood protection, stable yield, high yield and eco-friendliness. Realize "storage of grain on the ground." It can be said that we have confidence in safeguarding national food security, and we can do it with the Chinese people's jobs.

[Economic Daily News reporter]

I am concerned about a fishery issue. Aquatic products are a hard dish on our table. With the improvement of our living standards, everyone is spending more and more on this hard dish, and the quality effect is getting higher and higher. How can we meet people's increasing consumption of aquatic products? Demand, guarantee the market supply of aquatic products?

[Zhao Xingwu, Director of the Fisheries and Fisheries Administration Bureau of the Ministry of Agriculture]

Thank you for your concern about the fishery. You have raised the issue very well and it is very important. It involves both the development of fisheries and the people who eat fish. As the saying goes, "No fish is not a seat." Eating fish is healthy, the people who eat fish are more prosperous, and the reporters who eat fish are higher. Whether it's breakfast, lunch, dinner or fast food, the meal has aquaculture and longevity. Whether it is a national banquet, a family banquet, a wedding banquet or a banquet, the banquet has aquatic products and is delicious and inexpensive. This is the Chinese dream of our fishermen. Aquatic products have achieved market-oriented reforms. Over the past 30 years, the fishery has maintained rapid development and has already solved the problem of eating fish. In 2015, the total amount of aquatic products in the country reached 66.9 million tons, and the per capita possession of aquatic products was 48.65 kilograms, providing 1/3 of the protein for urban and rural residents. As we all know, the current supply of aquatic products is sufficient, and the supply of traditional aquatic products such as the four major fishes is excessive. Some even have serious pressures. The fishery has entered the new normal of selling fish, facing new problems of product structure optimization and upgrading of consumption levels. We are vigorously promoting the transformation and upgrading of fisheries, continuously optimizing the production structure of aquatic products through transfer mode and structure adjustment, and constantly meeting the needs of rapid upgrading of consumer consumption structure. Simply put, it is to raise, sell and eat. [2016-05-05 12:46:21]

[赵兴武]

To raise it is to promote market structure optimization, encourage fishermen to raise more ecological fish, and raise more marketable fish, increase production of safe aquatic products, reduce excess road goods, reduce inefficient supply, and let fish Shrimp and crab shells enter the home of the people and become home-cooked.卖出去，就是要加大市场开发力度，加强品牌创建，打造一批区域性、全国性知名品牌，鼓励水产品流通渠道创新，支持开展水产品信贷冷链物流体系建设，借助互联网发展电商、网络销售等，推动水产品进超市、进社区、进学校、进企业、进营房、进家庭。吃起来，就是支持发展水产品加工，加强方便快捷水产品加工研究，促进初级加工、精深加工，综合利用，协调发展，让吃鱼变得更方便、更省事、更省时、更便捷、更时尚，推进吃鱼革命。概括起来就是养鱼、卖鱼、吃鱼，以吃促养，以卖助养，以加助吃，以养保吃。 [2016-05-05 12:46:59]

[赵兴武]

总之，就是推进渔业供给侧结构性改革，推动渔业不断向产业链和价格链延伸，生产出更多质优价廉的水产品，让人民群众吃上绿色、放心、安全的水产品。敬请各位多吃鱼，多吃鱼就是支持渔业发展，多吃鱼就是帮助渔民增收。谢谢。

[叶贞琴]

由于时间的关系，我们今天的发布会到此结束，谢谢大家！ （原文标题：农业部就农业结构调整有关情况举行新闻发布会）