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An environmental test is an activity performed to ensure that a product maintains functional reliability in all environments where it is expected to be used, transported or stored during a specified life. The product is exposed to natural or artificial environmental conditions to withstand the effects of the product under actual environmental conditions of use, transportation and storage, and the degree of influence of the environmental factors and the mechanism of action are analyzed. Environmental testing can provide information on design quality and product quality and is an important means of quality assurance.
Second, understand the role of environmental testing:
1) For product research tests:
Research tests are mainly used in the design and development phase of products to assess whether the selected components, components, design structures, and processes used meet the actual environmental requirements and problems. In order to save time and fully expose product weaknesses, accelerated environmental testing methods are generally used.
2) for product type testing:
The styling test is used to determine whether the product can meet the specified design specifications and safety requirements under predetermined environmental conditions. Stereotype testing is the most comprehensive test and the environmental factors that the product may encounter must be taken into account.
3) For production inspection tests:
The production inspection test is mainly used to check the process quality of the product and the quality stability when the process is changed.
4) Acceptance test for products:
Acceptance test refers to the test of some items that must be carried out in order to ensure product quality when the product is shipped. Acceptance test is usually carried out by sampling.
5) For safety testing:
Environmental tests can be used to check whether the product is hazardous to health and life problems. Constant acceleration is used to check the firmness of the product's installation and connection to prevent it from being thrown out in an emergency and causing personal injury or other equipment damage. Safety tests are usually performed at a more severe test level than normal tests.
6) For reliability testing:
Reliability tests consist of environmental tests, life tests, phenomenological tests, and special tests. Environmental tests are the main components. The United States MIL-ZTD-781D clearly stipulates that environmental testing is a necessary supplement for reliability testing and an important means to improve product reliability.
According to the environmental test classification: IEC (International Electrotechnical Commission) Tc75 environmental conditions classification committee issued in 1981, "environmental parameters grading standards", as follows:
1) Climate and environment factors:
Temperature, humidity, pressure, solar radiation, dust, snow, etc.
2) Biological and chemical factors:
Salt spray, mold, sulfur dioxide, hydrogen sulfide, etc.
3) Mechanical environmental factors:
Vibration (including sine, random), collision, drop, swing, impact, etc.
4) Comprehensive environmental factors:
Temperature and humidity, temperature and pressure, temperature, humidity and vibration, etc.
Environmental test method 1. High temperature test: The weapons in the test are in high temperature air, but they are not exposed to direct sunlight. The test is aimed at storing or using weapons in indoor or confined spaces or near heat sources such as engines for hot seasons. This test was only performed when the solar radiation test could not test the high temperature effect. The purpose of the test is to verify the performance of storage or use in high temperature environments.
2. Low temperature test: The test is applicable to test pieces that are likely to be used in low temperature environments during the life cycle. The purpose of the test is to test whether the specimen can be stored, manipulated and controlled in long-term low-temperature environments.
3. Rain test: The test is applicable to weapons that may be exposed to rain during use. The rain test included the rain test without wind and the rain test with wind. The purpose of the rain test is to test the waterproof performance of the rain protection equipment and to check the performance of the weapon during and after raining.
4. Salt spray test: Salt is widely distributed on the earth. Salts are found in the oceans, atmosphere, ground, lakes, and rivers, especially in coastal areas, where the salt content is highest. There is no weapon that does not come into contact with salt.
5. Dust test: The test applies to all mechanical, electrical, electronic, and electrochemical weapons used in air with a relatively high content of dry sand or dust.
Environmental test interpretation
First understand the significance of environmental testing: